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Kiribati straddles the international date line. What did it do about it in 1995?

Bent the line east

Kiribati's islands sat on both sides of the line, so parts of the country were a full day apart. In 1995 it pushed the line east around its territory, creating the world's furthest-forward time zone at UTC+14.

Which country lies in all four hemispheres: north, south, east and west?

Kiribati

Kiribati straddles both the equator and the 180th meridian, so its islands fall in every quadrant of the globe. No other country manages all four.

Roughly how many countries does the equator pass through?

About 13

Around 13 countries, depending on whether maritime territory counts: Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil, Sao Tome and Principe, Gabon, Congo, DR Congo, Uganda, Kenya, Somalia, Maldives, Indonesia and Kiribati.